Long ago in China, before modern laws, people were punished not just in body but also in spirit. One of the most painful punishments was the cangue — a big wooden board locked around a person’s neck so they could not move or hide.
From the Song Dynasty until the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1912, the cangue was used for crimes like stealing, cheating, or disobeying. It could weigh from 10 to 100 pounds, making it very hard to stand or walk. People wearing it had to stay in public places like markets or streets so everyone could see them.
The cangue was meant to bring shame as much as pain. Many could not eat or drink unless others helped them. This made the punishment both cruel and embarrassing. Today, the cangue is seen in museums and books as a reminder of how harsh old punishments could be.