In mathematics, oftentimes choosing a good coordinate system can drastically simplify a problem, as long as you pay a small upfront cost in translating the problem to these new coordinates.
Along these lines, Hamilton discovered a surprising way of re-formulating Lagrangian mechanics, which has had great success. In this article, we explain Hamilton's change of coordinates, and use it to discover the *Fradkin tensor*: a very mysterious symmetry of the 2-d harmonic oscillator! #science