Germany's East-West happiness gap, 35 years after…
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Germany's East-West happiness gap, 35 years after reunification
Life satisfaction from the European Social Survey (rounds 1–8, 2002–2016), weighted regional means for 16 German Länder. Berlin excluded from the statistical comparison — the unified city mixes former East and West sectors (shown in gray).
Top: density distributions for East and West. Middle: all 16 Länder ranked, with individual data points. Bottom: bootstrap 95% confidence intervals (10,000 resamples) — no overlap.
Gap = 0.77 points on a 0–10 scale. Exact permutation test across all 3,003 possible groupings: p = 0.0003.
#education
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Life satisfaction from the European Social Survey (rounds 1–8, 2002–2016), weighted regional means for 16 German Länder. Berlin excluded from the statistical comparison — the unified city mixes former East and West sectors (shown in gray).
Top: density distributions for East and West. Middle: all 16 Länder ranked, with individual data points. Bottom: bootstrap 95% confidence intervals (10,000 resamples) — no overlap.
Gap = 0.77 points on a 0–10 scale. Exact permutation test across all 3,003 possible groupings: p = 0.0003.
#education
source
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